MCS-90 Endorsement Acts as Surety Not as Additional Insurance

A recent case will have significant impact on truck accident attorneys and lawyers litigating insurance coverage in trucking cases. In Carolina Casualty v. Yeates, 584 F.3d 868 (10th Cir. 2009) (en banc), the court held that the MCS-90 Endorsement applies as surety coverage when the underlying insurance policy to which it is attached provides no coverage for the loss and the motor carrier’s insurance coverage is not sufficient, IN AGGREGATE, to satisfy the federally prescribed minimum levels of financial responsibility.

As a result of Yeates, Defendant trucking companies and insurers will argue that an insurer’s MCS-90 coverage does not come into play when a plaintiff has already received a payment, from all sources, equal to the minimum statutory insurance coverage amount. See Also: Casper v. American Intl S. Ins. Co., 2009 WL 4984797 (Wis. App.)

 

 The Truck Accident Lawyers at the Law Offices of Morgan Adams concentrate in protecting the rights of those who were seriously injured or lost a loved one in an accident with a commercial truck or bus. Our lawyers are based in Tennessee, but serve clients throughout the nation. If you or someone you love has been seriously hurt by a careless driver, don’t sign anything the trucking company gives you -- contact us as soon as possible at 866-580-4878 or by email to learn more at a free, confidential consultation.

 Morgan Adams is a trial attorney licensed in Tennessee and Georgia. He is listed as a "Mid-South SuperLawyer" (Limited to the top 5% of the lawyers in Tennessee, Mississippi, and Arkansas), is a member of the Million Dollar Advocates Forum (limited to lawyers who have recovered 1 million dollars or more for their clients), and is the Chair of the American Association of Justice's Interstate Trucking Litigation Group. He has served as chair of the Tennessee Association of Justice's Trucking Litigation seminars since 2004, and is a frequent speaker at national legal education programs, training lawyers to properly handle injury cases involving commercial vehicles. 

 

Does the MCS-90 Form Need To Be Attached to the Insurance Policy?

The MCS-90 endorsement should be read into every interstate trucking policy, even if not attached. However, in order for the MCS-90 policy to to be found to be read into an insurance policy, when it was not specifically made part of the policy, you need to hire an experienced truck accident attorney from the beginning. What makes me say that?  Take a look at a recent blog post on the Water's Case. In his Florida Insurance BlogMark Nation noted that: 

The Progressive policy at issue did not contain an MCS-90 endorsement, however, Miller argued that one should be incorporated into the Progressive policy because Progressive knew or should have known that Waters was engaged in interstate travel.  The 11th Circuit held that Waters did not present sufficient evidence to support a conclusion that Progressive knew or should have known Miller was driving the tractor-trailer interstate. 

Importantly, the 11th Circuit specifically held that because Waters failed to provide sufficient evidence that Progressive knew or should have known that Miller was engaged in interstate trucking the Court found it  "unnecessary for us to reach the issue of whether the endorsement can be read into a policy that does not contain it, and we expressly decline to do so." 

The issues required to be addressed, to obtain coverage, in the Waters case were not fully developed at the trial court level in my opinion. Thus, once the case went up to the Court of Appeals, there was little that could be done by a really smart, knowledgeable, appellate counsel but go down swinging trying to save the case. Footnote 3 to the Water's case lists a series of cases that did find coverage when the issue was addressed appropriately. My take on Water's, and footnote 3, is as follows: 

Waters v. Miller, 564 F.3d 1355 (11th Cir. Ct. App. 2009) The court held that a Florida based truck, with a catastrophic accident in Georgia, was not covered by an MCS-90 even though involved the truck was clearly involved in  interstate transportation. The court held:

… In this case, however, the Policy did not include the endorsement. Waters urges this Court to incorporate the endorsement into the Policy as a matter of law, arguing the evidence presented to the district court showed Progressive knew or should have known Miller was engaged in interstate travel. Even if we assume arguendo such knowledge on the part of the insurer is justification for incorporating the endorsement into a policy that does not contain it,[FN3] Waters did not present sufficient evidence to support the conclusion that Progressive knew or *1358 should have known Miller was driving the tractor-trailer interstate. For this reason, it is unnecessary for us to reach the issue of whether the endorsement can be read into a policy that does not contain it, and we expressly decline to do so. The district court did not err in refusing to rewrite the Policy to include the MCS-90 endorsement, and we affirm its order granting summary judgment in favor of Progressive on the federal law issue.

FN3. Some courts have incorporated the endorsement into policies as a matter of law. See Prestige Cas. Co. v. Mich. Mut. Ins. Co., 99 F.3d 1340, 1348 n. 6 (6th Cir.1996); Travelers Ins. Co. v. Tranp. Ins. Co., 787 F.2d 1133, 1139 (7th Cir.1986); Hagans v. Glen Falls Ins. Co., 465 F.2d 1249, 1252 (10th Cir.1972). At least one other, while not incorporating the endorsement, indicated it may be read into a policy if the insurer knew it was insuring an interstate motor carrier. See Howard v. Quality Xpress, Inc., 128 N.M. 79, 989 P.2d 896, 900 (1999).Progressive was entitled to summary judgment under the facts of this case. Accordingly, we affirm the district court's orders granting summary judgment to Progressive.

FMCSR 387.15 - The MCS-90 Form and Interpretation

Truck and bus accident lawyers and attorneys will have another issue to worry about while representing accident victims. This is a Tennessee case so I know my clients will be at the forefront of this battle. Lawyers who fail to stay up on this ever changing area of the law, Truck Accident Litigation, will find they lose more cases than they win for their clients. The following is a brief case description: 

Armstrong v. U.S. Fire Ins. Co., 606 F.Supp.2d 794, (E.D. Tenn. 2009) is the first case to apply DOT’s interpretation of FMCSR 387.15 - In 2005, the FMCSA adopted regulatory guidance that limits an insurer’s exposure to pay under the MCS-90 endorsement to judgments obtained against the motor carrier—not the driver, lessor, or any other party. The Court held that the MCS-90 requires the insurer to pay only a judgment obtained against the named insured motor carrier and not the driver or any other person or entity that qualifies as an “insured” under the policy to which the MCS-90 is attached. This is the first case applying the FMCSA’s 2005 guidance. The court stated it disagreed with the prior case law that held:

…that an insurance company may be obligated to compensate an injured party under an MCS-90 endorsement even if the motor carrier who purchased the underlying policy was not the negligent party responsible for causing the injuries ( er words, the motor carrier who purchased the insurance-the so-called “named insured”-need not have been negligent; all that is required is that the accident resulted from negligence and that a judgment was entered implicating the coverage provisions of the policy and endorsement…

Given the DOT guidance, expect that this issue will be tested in every case going forward. Armstrong was followed in Sentry Select Ins. Co. v. Thompson, ---- F.Supp.2d----, 2009 WL 3366938 (E.D. Va.) where the Pf’s received in excess of 750K.

 

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MCS-90 Insurance Forms

The International Risk Management Institute states that:

"The MCS-90 endorsement is a highly misunderstood and increasingly often litigated one-page endorsement required by the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 to be attached to insurance policies covering auto liability exposures of certain types of businesses. Its purpose is to certify that the insured maintains a minimum level of financial responsibility for compensating others involved in truck-related accidents that result in bodily injury, property damage, or environmental damage. The most obvious category of businesses for which this endorsement applies is truckers of all types. Additionally, however, it is often necessary for other types of businesses that transport or deliver their products or services using their own fleets of vehicles (i.e., private carriers)." They put out a very helpful book for anyone trying to understand the area. The book may be found at: www.irmi.com/IrmiCom/Cart/Default.aspx

According to the government, "Financial responsibility means having insurance policies or surety bonds sufficient to satisfy the minimum public liability requirements. Public liability means liability for bodily injury, property damage, and environmental restoration. Environmental restoration means restitution for the loss, damage, or destruction of natural resources arising out of an accidental discharge of toxic or other environmentally harmful materials or liquids.

Requirements for Financial Responsibility
Motor carriers of property operating commercial motor vehicles in interstate, foreign, or intrastate commerce, and for-hire carriers of passengers operating in interstate or foreign commerce must have at least the minimum amount of insurance required by law."

Proof
The motor carrier must have proof of the minimum level of insurance at the company's principal place of business. Proof may be shown by any of the following: 
 

 A MCS-90 Form should be carried on board the cabin. 

Endorsements for Motor Carriers policies of insurance for public liability under Sections 29   and 30 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 (Form MCS-90) issued by an insurer.

Endorsements for Motor Carriers of Passengers policies of insurance for public liability under Section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982 (Form MCS-90B*) issued by an insurer.

A Motor Carrier Surety Bond for public liability under Section 30 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 (Form MCS-82) issued by a surety.

A Motor Carrier of Passengers Surety Bond for public liability under Section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982 (Form MCS-82B*) issued by a surety.

A written decision, order, or authorization of the Interstate Commerce Commission authorizing the motor carrier to self-insure under 49 CFR 1043.5.

FORMS:

Motor Carrier Public Liability Surety Bond Under Section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982. www.truckinjurylawyerblog.com/BOND.pdf

Endorsement for Motor Carrier Policies of Insurance for Public Liability Under Section 18 of the Bus Regulatory reform Act of 1982. www.truckinjurylawyerblog.com/Bus.pdf

Endorsement for Motor Carrier Policies of Insurance for Public Liability Under Sections 29 and 30 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980. www.truckinjurylawyerblog.com/Motor Carrier Act.pdf

Motor Carrier Public Liability Surety Bond Under Sections 29 and 30 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980. www.truckinjurylawyerblog.com/Section 29 & 30 Bond.pdf


 

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